VISA-A Achilles Questionnaire

The Victorian Institute of Sport Assessment (VISA-) Achilles (A) Questionnaire is a self-report clinical outcome measure used in patients with Achilles tendinopathy.  It consists of eight questions that measure the domains of pain, function in daily living, and sports activities.

Validity and Reliability

The VISA-A questionnaire has been found to be a reliable and valid tool for assessing the severity of Achilles tendinopathy. The reliability of the questionnaire has been tested using test-retest reliability, which has been found to be high (Robinson et al. 2001, Iversen et al. 2016, Kaux et al. 2016, Hernandez-Sanchez et al. 2018). The questionnaire has been translated into several languages, including French, Spanish, and Danish, and has been found to be equivalent to its original version (Iversen et al. 2016, Kaux et al. 2016, Hernandez-Sanchez et al. 2018).

Scoring and Interpretation

The first 6 out of 8 questions of the VISA-A are scored using a Numeric Rating Scale from 0-10. Question 7 is has 4 answer options that are assigned 0, 4, 7, or 10 points. For the last question of the VISA-A the user has three answer options to choose from depending on their current symptoms. The score results in a maximum score of 100 and minimum score of 0. Lower scores indicate more severe symptoms and limitations in function.

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References

Robinson JM, Cook JL, Purdam C, et al. The VISA-A questionnaire: a valid and reliable index of the clinical severity of Achilles tendinopathy. Br J Sports Med. 2001;35(5):335-341. doi:10.1136/bjsm.35.5.335

Iversen JV, Bartels EM, Jørgensen JE, et al. Danish VISA-A questionnaire with validation and reliability testing for Danish-speaking Achilles tendinopathy patients. Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2016;26(12):1423-1427. doi:10.1111/sms.12576

Kaux JF, Delvaux F, Oppong-Kyei J, et al. Validity and reliability of the French translation of the VISA-A questionnaire for Achilles tendinopathy. Disabil Rehabil. 2016;38(26):2593-2599. doi:10.3109/09638288.2016.1138553

Hernández-Sánchez S, Poveda-Pagán EJ, Alakhdar-Mohmara Y, Hidalgo MD, Fernández-de-Las-Peñas C, Arias-Buría JL. Cross-cultural Adaptation of the Victorian Institute of Sport Assessment-Achilles (VISA-A) Questionnaire for Spanish Athletes With Achilles Tendinopathy. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2018;48(2):111-120. doi:10.2519/jospt.2018.7402

Iversen JV, Bartels EM, Langberg H. The victorian institute of sports assessment – achilles questionnaire (visa-a) – a reliable tool for measuring achilles tendinopathy. Int J Sports Phys Ther. 2012;7(1):76-84.

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